【实验目的】
1.掌握工业零件尺寸和面积测量原理
2.掌握利用Matlab进行编程实现工业零件尺寸和面积测量的方法
3.掌握复杂机器视觉软件系统的设计方法
【实验内容】
1.利用Matlab对标准工业零件图像和自建工业零件图像进行尺寸测量
2.利用Matlab对标准工业零件图像和自建工业零件图像进行面积测量
【实验要求】
1.写出实现工业零件尺寸和面积测量的Matlab源代码
2.对测量结果进行统计和误差分析
实验程序
function varargout = Area(varargin)
% AREA M-file for Area.fig
% AREA, by itself, creates a new AREA or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = AREA returns the handle to a new AREA or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% AREA('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in AREA.M with the given input arguments.
%
% AREA('Property','Value',...) creates a new AREA or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before Area_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to Area_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help Area
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 16-May-2011 21:00:46
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @Area_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @Area_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before Area is made visible.
function Area_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to Area (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for Area
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes Area wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = Area_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
%设置全局变量，可以在另外的函数中使用它们
global im;
global l1
global l2
%选择图片路径
[filename,pathname]=...
uigetfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.tif';'*.png';'*.JPG'},'图片选择');
%合成路径+文件名
str=[pathname,filename];
%没有选择任何文件，报错对话框
L=length(filename);
if L<5
errordlg('You do not choose any image','Notice');
return;
end;
test=filename(1,L-3:L);
if test=='.jpg'|test=='.bmp'|test=='.tif'|test=='.png'|test=='.JPG'
%读取图片
im=imread(str);
%关键，指定axes1为当前显示区域
axes(handles.axes1);
%显示图片
imshow(im);
[m,n]=size(im);
inter_x = m*0.6;
inter_y = n*0.071;
text(inter_x, inter_y, [sprintf('%1f'),'原图像'],...
'Color','g','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');
else
warndlg('format wrong','warn');%格式错误，警告
return;
end;
prompt={'输入参照物序号：','输入参照物面积：'};%设置提示字符串
name='参数设置';%设置标题
numlines=1;%指定输入数据的行数
defAns={'1','283.5287'};%设定默认值
Resize='on';%设定对话框尺寸可调节
a=inputdlg(prompt,name,numlines,defAns,'on');%创建输入对话框
l2=str2num(a{1});%获取对话框中的第一个参数
l1=str2num(a{2});%获取对话框中的第二个参数
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global l1
global l2
global im
global P
str=get(hObject,'string');
axes(handles.axes2);
hd=rgb2gray(im);%灰度化,被灰度化的图像必须是rgb的
ad=imadjust(hd,stretchlim(hd),[]); %图像增强
x=graythresh(ad);%计算图像的最佳阈值
J=im2bw(hd,x);%图像二值化
P=medfilt2(J,[5,5]);%对二值化图像进行中值滤波[5,5]
[L, num] = bwlabel(P, 8);%8连通域的标记
STATS=regionprops(L, 'all');
for i=1:num
area(i)=STATS(i).Area ; %计算各区域的像素点。
end ;
M1=area
for i=1:num
M=M1*(l1/area(l2));
end;
imshow(L);
%鼠标点击事件
for i=1:num
ginput(1);%鼠标点击图片得到坐标值
[x,y]=ginput(1);
x=floor(x);%将得到的坐标值转换成整数
y=floor(y);
s=L(y,x);
if s==l2
text(x,y, [sprintf('%1.3f',M(s)),'mm2'],...
'Color','r','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');% 参照物的显示面积为红色
else
text(x,y, [sprintf('%1.3f_%d',M(s),s)],...
'Color','b','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');% 被测工件显示的面积为蓝色
end;
end;
[fn,pn,fid]=uiputfile('.txt','Save selected a txt-file');%创建txt文件。其中fn是lilename ,pn是pathname, fid是
fid=fopen(fn,'w');%打开文件
fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M);%向txt文件中写入数据
%fid=fopen('面积保存 …….txt','w');%写入文件路径,可以设置弹出对话框
%[p,q]=size(M);
%for i=1:1:p
% for j=1:1:q
% if j==p
% fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M(i,j));
% else
% fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M(i,j));
% end;
% end;
% end;
fclose(fid);%关闭文件
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global I
I=getimage(gcf); %获取坐标系中的图像文件数据
imwrite(I,'myphoto.jpg') %保存图像为文件
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
new_f_handle=figure('visible','off');
new_axes=copyobj(handles.axes1,new_f_handle); %axes1是GUI界面绘图的坐标系
set(new_axes,'units','default','position','default');
[filename,pathname fileindex]=uiputfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.png'},'save picture as');
if ~filename
return
else
file=strcat(pathname,filename);
switch fileindex %根据不同的选择保存为不同的类型
case 1
print(new_f_handle,'-djpeg',file);
case 2
print(new_f_handle,'-dbmp',file);
case 3
print(new_f_handle,'-dpng',file);
end;
end;
delete(new_f_handle);
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close(gcf);
实验结果
